How far is breast cancer from us?
When it comes to breast cancer, I will first think of Xiulan-Deng Boer. In 1972, she had breast cancer and underwent a mastectomy. At that time, most women felt that they were suffering from this disease and did not dare to disclose it. She became the first celebrity to show her story to the public and advocate for breast cancer prevention. In 1993, Audrey Hepburn, known as the "human angel", died of breast cancer. Then, Yao Beina, who is well known to us, failed to overcome the unfortunate death of breast cancer. How terrible is breast cancer? How far is it from us? This article can answer your doubts.
Why do people get breast cancer? Human have breasts, and the troubles arise along with them. This trouble is known as breast cancer. The ancient Egyptian medical literature first documented breast cancer, calling it "the tumor on the breast," and the author wrote, "There is nothing can be done."
According to NBCF (nation breast cancer foundation): no one knows the exact cause of breast cancer. Doctors also rarely know why some women have breast cancer, while others do not have breast cancer, and most women with breast cancer fail to accurately identify the cause of the disease. What we can know is that breast cancer is caused by the destruction of cellular DNA.
Q ： Breast cancer survival rate?
According to the American Cancer Society's data analysis, the 5-year survival rate of stage 0 and stage 1 breast cancer is 100%, and the five-year survival rate of stage 2 is as high as 93%. Professor Li Menghuan, director of the Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, also believes that the sooner breast cancer is detected, the better the breast-conserving effect of patients. Most patients have a survival period of more than 5 years, and some patients can survive for up to 30 years. If the diagnosis is in the middle and late stage, the opportunity to preserve the breast will be lost, and the five years survival rate will be greatly reduced.
Q : Can breast fibroma becomes cancerous?
A large proportion of women will have breast fibroma during physical examination, causing a great panic. However, breast fibroma has a very low chance of developing cancer. Ordinary fibroma, about 3cm, grows slowly, relatively isolated. The larger size of the fibroma the greater likelihood of becoming cancerous. If the pathological result says "complex fibroma", the risk of developing this type of breast cancer will be higher than normal. If nodules or masses are found, they need to be treated in a regular hospital as soon as possible.
Q : How to prevent breast cancer?
Experts recommend a monthly breast self-examination, a clinical examination and ultrasound scan every 4 to 6 months. Above the age of 40, breast screening is performed once every 1-2 years. Patients with high-risk suspicious lesions can prevent breast tissue resection. In addition, [reducing the intake of high-fat, high-calorie, high-salt content foods], [regular long-term exercise]can reduce the risk. Athletes have the lowest incidence of breast cancer. [Avoid drinking] The risk of breast cancer in drinking is higher than in those who drink less. [Less coffee] Coffee, cocoa, and chocolate. These foods contain a lot of caffeine, which can promote breast hyperplasia. [eat more cabbage and soy products and fish], late pregnancy after the age of 30, it is likely to increase the risk of breast cancer.
Q : What are the methods of breast cancer screening?
Breast cancer is not an incurable disease. Early screening is particularly important for long survival and high quality of life. In addition to the simplest self-examination, the early screening of breast cancer requires three major weapons to work together. They are ultrasound, magnetic resonance and genetic testing. The three are indispensable. . In current medical practice, almost any type of scanning examination has alternatives, such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. Regarding the roadmap for breast cancer screening, we also follow the "no radiation" approach: breast ultrasound - magnetic resonance - genetic testing.
Breast ultrasound can detect occult microscopic lesions of 3 to 5mm, which can effectively identify early breast cancer. In addition, it can be identified whether the mass is cystic or solid, and its diagnostic accuracy for breast cysts is as high as 95%, which can avoid unnecessary biopsy. In addition, color Doppler can identify the benign and malignant breast lumps through blood flow signals.
The professional ultra-wide diameter breast transducer provides better sensitivity to the detection of lesions and provides a more effective and comprehensive method of breast examination.
Breast magnetic resonance
Magnetic resonance imaging is excellent in breast cancer screening, especially for invasive breast cancer, which is difficult to detect clinically. And the most important thing is that magnetic resonance can be done in multi-plane imaging and image reconstruction. For existing lesions, the size, shape, extent of invasion and lesion metastasis can be well displayed.
Breast cancer genetic screening
In May 2013, when Angelina Jolie published "My Medical Choice" in The New York Times, the world was in turmoil. Because she found herself a carrier of the BRCA1 mutation gene and had a 87% chance of developing breast cancer, she immediately chose to undergo a preventive mastectomy. She is known as the hero of the era of personalized medicine. In the three months after Julie's article was published, Meliad Genes announced that its revenue reached $202 million, a 52% increase over the previous fiscal quarter, and the company attributed this to the Angelina effect. Based on this data, we can also see the unique advantages of genetic testing for breast cancer prevention.
When we use color Doppler ultrasound or magnetic resonance to detect benign lesions, we can also do a genetic test to further understand the specific situation and avoid unnecessary biopsy. For example, BRCA1, BRCA2 and other genes can be screened for breast cancer. If they have any of these genes and can cause mutations, there is a 40-70% chance of getting breast cancer, and the probability of developing ovarian cancer will also increase.
Early screening of breast cancer can be done by color doppler ultrasound, magnetic resonance, genetic testing, any of the results, in fact, there may be errors. Only when the three are combined to detect breast cancer from different angles can a comprehensive
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